Peer-Reviewed Publication
Health Care Manag Sci2026;29(4)September 24, 2026Journal Article

A distribution-aware optimization model for improving operating room utilization and out-patient flow.

Yi Shen1, Bruce W Rogers2, Michael M Zavlanos3
1Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, 27708, Durham, NC, USA. ys267@duke.edu.
2Department of Surgery, Duke University, 27708, Durham, NC, USA.
3Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University, 27708, Durham, NC, USA.

Abstract

Operating rooms (OR) are responsible for the majority of total hospital revenues and costs, making OR scheduling a critical component of hospital operations as it controls the patient flow in and out of the system. A major challenge in determining effective OR schedules is the uncertainty surrounding new (types of) cases related to, e.g., surgery duration and the post-surgical lengths of stay (LOS…

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