Peer-Reviewed Publication
JCO Precis Oncol2026;10(9):e2600114.September 1, 2026Journal Article
Evaluation of a Tumor-Informed Molecular Residual Disease Assay in Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, With or Without Atezolizumab.
Marija Balic1,2, Gong Tang1,3, Priya Rastogi1,2, Gregory Young4, Matthew Wallace4, Joshua Acosta1,5, Andreas Schneeweiss6, Christie J Hilton1,7, Tanner J Freeman1,8, Jiahe Li1,3,9, Carsten Denkert10,11, Mattea Reinisch12,13, Melanie R Palomares4, Bradley A Arrick4, Matthew Petitt4, Sai K Maley1, Saima Hassan14, Sujatha Murali15, Jean-François Boileau16, Dominique Boudreau17, Peter J Polewski18, Sandeep Mashru19, Jeffrey B Hargis20, Joanne Mortimer21, Michael Thirlwell22, William Sikov23, Antoinette R Tan24, Jorge Garces4, Gina Costa4, Janine LoBello4, João Mouta25, Walter C Darbonne26, Frederick L Baehner4, Eleftherios P Mamounas27, Norman Wolmark1,2, Sibylle Loibl10,28, Charles E Geyer1,2
1NSABP Foundation, Pittsburgh, PA.
2Department of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
3Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
4Exact Sciences Corporation, Redwood City, CA.
5Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA.
6National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital Division Gynecologic Oncology and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
7Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
8Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
9Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
10German Breast Group (GBG) Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg, Germany.
11Institute of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
12Interdisciplinary Breast Unit, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.
13Interdisciplinary Breast Center, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
14Department of Surgical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Centre de Recherche de CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
15Department of Oncology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, San Marcos, CA.
16Department of Surgery and Gerald Bronfman Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
17Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Québec, QC, Canada.
18Department of Surgical Oncology, Aurora Cancer Care, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI.
19Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR.
20Norton Cancer Institute, Louisville, KY.
21City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA.
22McGill/Montréal General Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada.
23Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
24Atrium Health Levine Cancer Institute, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Charlotte, NC.
25Global Product Development Medical Affairs Oncology, Roche Farmacêutica Química, Amadora, Portugal.
26US Medical Affairs Oncology, Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA.
27Department of Surgical Oncology, AdventHealth Cancer Institute, Orlando, FL.
28Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Detection of molecular residual disease (MRD) using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is strongly associated with recurrence risk in early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Prior studies suggest that ctDNA clearance during neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) may predict pathologic complete response (pCR) and enhance the prognostic value of pCR. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (N…
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