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iScience2026;29(9):117121.September 18, 2026Journal Article

From forests to deserts: Sequencing of the giant forest hog completes the genomic history of the African suids.

Marta Maria Ciucani1, Sabhrina Gita Aninta1, Nuno Filipe Gomes Martins1, David A Duchêne2, Xi Wang1, Ignacio A Lazagabaster3,4, Xiaodong Liu1, Frederik Filip Stæger1, Mikkel Schubert5, Thomas Bøggild1, Shixu He1, Zilong Li1, Rafael Reyna6, Erik Meijaard7, Thomas M Butynski8, Vincent B Muwanika9, Charles Masembe9, Sylvain Dufour10, Philippe Gaubert11, Hans R Siegismund1, Ida Moltke1, Anders Albrechtsen1, Rasmus Heller1
1Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
2Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.
3Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre Evolución Humana CENIEH, 09002 Burgos, Spain.
4Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX Liverpool, UK.
5Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
6El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Lerma, Campeche 24500, México.
7Borneo Futures, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam.
8Eastern Africa Primate Diversity and Conservation Program, Nanyuki 10400, Kenya.
9College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
10SYLVATROP Consulting, Conches-sur-gondoire, France.
11Université de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, CNRS, IRD, Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement (CRBE), Bâtiment 4R1, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

The giant forest hog (GFH; Hylochoerus meinertzhageni), the largest and most elusive wild pig, is found in a disjunct range across tropical Africa, from Guinea to the Ethiopian highlands. The GFH has three morphologically defined subspecies. Here, we present the first whole-genome data for nine samples from Guinea and Uganda, its two most geographically distant subspecies. We identify the GFH as s…

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