Trends in utilization of glucagon-like peptide‑1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter‑2 inhibitors, and metabolic bariatric surgery in U.S. Adults with diabetes and obesity.

Paige D Wartko¹, Rui Zhang², Eric Johnson³, Connor Begle², Jennifer F Bobb³, Chixiang Chen⁴, Aditi Singh⁵, Lisa Ross³, Patrick J O'Connor⁶, David Arterburn³, Rozalina G McCoy⁷

¹Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Hans Rosling Center for Population Health, 3980 15th Avenue NE, Box 351617, Seattle, WA 98195-1617, USA. Electronic address: paige.d.wartko@kp.org.

²University of Maryland Institute for Health Computing, North Bethesda, MD, USA.

³Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.

⁴University of Maryland Institute for Health Computing, North Bethesda, MD, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

⁵Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

⁶HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

⁷University of Maryland Institute for Health Computing, North Bethesda, MD, USA; Optum Labs, Eden Prairie, MN, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

PubMed DOI

Abstract

AIMS: To characterize trends in utilization of glucagon-like peptide‑1 receptor agonists (GLP‑1RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter‑2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), and metabolic/bariatric surgery among US adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study using electronic health record and claims data from Optum Labs Data Warehouse for US private and Medicare Advantage plan…

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