Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Online J Public Health Inform2026;18e97240.August 20, 2026Journal Article

Safety-Oriented Evaluation of Large Language Models in Health Care: Guideline-Informed Systematic Review.

Hikaru Matsuoka1,2,3, Takayuki Takahashi3,4, Takayuki Semitsu2, Keiko Matsuoka5, Ryoma Hayashi4
1Department of Information Security, Faculty of Information Systems, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan.
2Information-Technology Promotion Agency, Minato, Tokyo, Japan.
3Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Nihonbashi 1-chome Mitsui Building 15F, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan, 81 3-6225-2482.
4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shonan Atsugi Hospital, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly emerging in health care, offering opportunities in decision support, education, and research, but raising critical concerns about safety, reliability, and ethics. Although several guidelines for trustworthy AI exist in business and technology, few systematic reviews have applied them to medical contexts. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a…

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