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Peer-Reviewed Publication
PLoS One2026;21(8):e0354341.January 1, 2026Journal Article

Healthcare cost literacy in the united states: Cross-sectional estimates from a representative national sample.

Alexandra Guttentag1, Smrithi Sukumar2, Jeroen van Meijgaard1, Khurram Nasir3, Harlan Krumholz4,5, Haider J Warraich6
1GoodRx Research, GoodRx, Santa Monica, California, United States of America.
2Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
3Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
4Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
5Yale Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital and Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
6Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

BACKGROUND: As healthcare costs and patient cost-sharing continue to rise in the United States, little is known about patients' understanding of healthcare pricing, insurance-related expenses, and cost-planning strategies. OBJECTIVE: To assess healthcare cost literacy (HCL) among U.S. adults and identify domains in which patients report the greatest and least confidence in understanding healthcar…

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