Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg2026August 13, 2026Journal Article

Clinical DVH metrics as a loss function for 3D dose prediction in head and neck radiotherapy.

Ruochen Gao1, Marius Staring2,3, Frank Dankers3
1Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. r.gao@lumc.nl.
2Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
3Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

PURPOSE: Deep learning-based three-dimensional (3D) dose prediction is widely used in automated radiotherapy workflows. However, most existing models are trained with voxel-wise regression losses, which are poorly aligned with clinical plan evaluation criteria based on dose-volume histogram (DVH) metrics. This study aims to develop a clinically guided loss formulation that directly optimizes clini…

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