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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Toxicology2026;154564.August 8, 2026Journal Article

Exploring Chemically-Induced Oxidative Stress: A Comparative Study of Zebrafish Embryos and Maturated HepG2 Cells.

Christina H J Veltman1, Edwin P Zwart2, Caroline Versluis2, Hiba Khalidi3, Jeroen L A Pennings2, Manon C Bouwmeester2, Mirjam Luijten4
1Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic centre for Drug research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
2Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
3Division Simcyp, Certara Predictive Technologies, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
4Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic centre for Drug research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands. Electronic address: mirjam.luijten@rivm.nl.

Abstract

To advance next-generation risk assessment of non-genotoxic carcinogens, robust mechanism-based assays are essential. A recognized mode of action for non-genotoxic carcinogens is induction of oxidative stress leading to regenerative proliferation. Most of the currently available New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) rely on simple high-throughput cell models with limited biological complexity and ofte…

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