Peer-Reviewed Publication
Am J Pathol2026August 7, 2026Journal Article

An Explanatory Deep Learning Pipeline for the Prediction and Visualization of Spatially Resolved Biomarker Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Vibha R Rao1, Madhumala K Sadanandappa1, Candice C Black2, Scott M Palisoul1, Adrienne A Workman2, Todd A MacKenzie3, Xiaoying Liu2, Mary D Chamberlin3, Louis J Vaickus2, George J Zanazzi2, Shrey S Sukhadia4
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
2Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA; Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
3Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
4Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA; Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. Electronic address: shrey.sukhadia@dartmouth.edu.

Abstract

Histopathologic evaluation remains central to cancer diagnosis and treatment planning, yet the molecular programs underlying distinct tissue morphologies aren't routinely accessible in clinical workflows. Spatial transcriptomic/proteomic platforms provide region-specific molecular measurements but are limited by cost, throughput, and scalability. Most computational pathology models rely on either…

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