Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
World J Surg2026July 14, 2026Journal Article

Clinical Recommendations for Remote Robotic Assisted Surgery From the CRSA 2025 International Consensus Conference.

Yuman Fong1, Dimitri A Raptis2, Louis Kavoussi3, Sherry M Wren4, Dennis Fowler5, Mehran Anvari6, Francesco Bianco7, Xiao Liang8,9, Zheyong Li8,9, Xiaoyu Yin10, Micaela Piccoli11, Saad Aldousari12, John Marks13, Baiyong Shen14, Clifford Ko15, Jelle Ruurda16, Barbara Seeliger17,18,19, Jeroen Hagendoorn16, Rahila Essani20, R Matthew Walsh21, Dmitry Oleynikov22, Stephanie B Jones3, Vivek Bindal23, Hyun Koo Kim24, Woo Jin Hyung25, Laleh Melstrom1, Daniel Hashimoto26, Francesco Celotto27, Liaohai Leo Chen28, Bryan M Burt15, Kelly Lafaro29, Fernando Elli30, Yusef Kudsi31, Francesca Ratti32,33, Erik Wilson34, Paolo Pietro Bianchi35, Annette Morgan1, Stephen T Bartlett7, Laila Rashidi36, Liu Yu37, Bill Gawkins38, Piet Hinoul39, Bill Peine40, Yanghee Woo1, Mustafa Raoof1, Daniel Jones41, Supriya Deshpande1, Jordana Bernard5, Yulun Wang5, Dieter C Broering2, Pier Cristoforo Giulianotti7
1City of Hope National Medical Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA.
2King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
3Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
4Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
5Sovato Health, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
6McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
7University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
8Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
9Alaer Hospital, XPCC, Xinjiang, China.
10The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
11Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.
12Kuwait University, Sabah Al-Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait, Kuwait.
13Lankenau Medical Center, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA.
14Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai, China.
15University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
16Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
17Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
18IHU Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France.
19ICube, UMR 7357, CNRS, INSERM U1328 RODIN, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
20Advent Health, Celebration, Florida, USA.
21Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
22Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, USA.
23Max Healthcare, New Delhi, India.
24Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
25Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
26University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
27Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
28Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
29Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
30Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
31Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
32IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
33Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
34Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
35Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.
36MultiCare Health System, Tacoma, Washington, USA.
37Microport Medbot, Shanghai, China.
38Johnson and Johnson, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
39Virtual Incision Corporation, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
40Medtronic, Ashland, Massachusetts, USA.
41Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Implementation of remote robotic-assisted surgery (rRAS) has the potential to significantly improve access to high-quality surgical care for patients worldwide. Advances in robotic systems and telecommunications now enable highly reliable, low latency, and cybersecure connectivity. These technological developments, together with the broader adoption of telemedicine, have driven an incr…

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