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Peer-Reviewed Publication
J Liq Biopsy2026;13100477.September 1, 2026Journal Article

Longitudinal methylated ctDNA increases predict immunotherapy progression across solid tumors.

Muhammad Anees1, Patrick L Wagner1, Ashten Omstead1, Erin Grayhack1, Christopher Sherry1, Lee D McDaniel2, Matthew G Varga2, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Hosseiny3, William Laframboise1, John Nakayama1, Thomas Krivak1, Benny Weksler1, Neda Dadgar1, Shurjeel Uddin Qazi1, Nathan Bahary1, David L Bartlett1, David S Tsao2, Ali H Zaidi1
1Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
2BillionToOne, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
3Highmark Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Abstract

Timely identification of treatment failure during immune checkpoint blockade remains a critical unmet need in oncology. We evaluated a tissue-free, methylation-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay applied serially across 142 patients with advanced solid tumors receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy in two independent prospective cohorts. Blood was collected p…

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