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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Biosens Bioelectron2026;311118950.November 1, 2026Journal Article

A thermally actuated 3D foldable bioelectronic interface for multimodal electrophysiological and cytokine profiling of human spinal cord organoids.

Seungjun Lee1, Sangmin Han2, Hyogeun Shin3, Ju-Hyun Lee4, Namsun Chou5
1School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
2Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
3School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hyogeunshin@knu.ac.k.
4Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
5Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea; Graduate School, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: nschou@kbri.re.kr.

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) organoids provide physiologically relevant models for studying human neural development and disease; however, stable bioelectronic interfacing with curved and dynamic organoid surfaces remains challenging. Here, we present a thermally actuated, shape-memory polymer (SMP)-based foldable bioelectronic interface for simultaneous electrophysiological recording and electrochemica…

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