Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Sci Transl Med2026;18(854):eads4699.June 17, 2026Journal Article

Deep learning-enabled discovery of antibiotics effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Melis N Anahtar1,2,3,4, Jacqueline A Valeri1,3,4, Seyed Majed Modaresi1,3,4, Aarti Krishnan1,3,4,5, Nina M Donghia3, Samantha G Palace6, Erica J Zheng1,3,7, Aakanksha Gulati3, Alicia Jorgenson3, Abidemi Junaid3, Parijat Bandyopadhyay1,4, Andreas Luttens1,4, Krishna Suresh8, Paige Edwards1,4, Felix Wong1,4,9, Yu Zhang1,3,4, Danilo Ritz10, Margaux Gaborieau11, Edmund Loh11,12, Massimiliano Gaetani13,14, Marie-Stephanie Aschtgen11, Amir Ata Saei11, Yonatan H Grad6, Donald E Ingber3,15,16, James J Collins1,3,4
1Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
2Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
3Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
4Institute for Medical Engineering and Science and Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
5Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
6Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
7Program in Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
8Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
9Integrated Biosciences Inc., Redwood City, CA 94065, USA.
10Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel CH-4056, Switzerland.
11Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
12Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
13Division of Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17 177 Stockholm, Sweden.
14Chemical Proteomics Unit, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
15Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
16Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02539, USA.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a common Gram-negative pathogen with increasing resistance to all recommended antibiotics. There is a critical need to improve the efficiency of the antibiotic hit discovery process to replenish the drug development pipeline. Here, we show that deep learning models can augment high-throughput screens to identify readily available molecules with narrow-spectrum activity aga…

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