Peer-Reviewed Publication
J Immunother Cancer2026;14(5)May 11, 2026Journal Article
Phase 2 study of talabostat, a small molecule inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases (DPP), administered in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
Rahul Aggarwal1, Jingsong Zhang2, Paul Monk3, Xinhua Zhu4, Rob Jones5, Mark Linch6, Dan Costin7, Johann de Bono8, Lawrence I Karsh9, Daniel P Petrylak10, Li Zhang11, Rashmi Deshpande12, Pascal Borderies12, Jiaoti Huang13, Vincent O'Neill12, Moses Donkor12, Scott Tagawa14
1University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA Rahul.Aggarwal@ucsf.edu.
2Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA.
3Ohio State University James Cancer Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
4Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
5Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
6UCL, London, UK.
7Center for Cancer Care, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, New York, USA.
8Royal Marsden Hospital Sutton, London, UK.
9AdventHealth Urology, Denver, Colorado, USA.
10Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
11University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
12BioXcel Therapeutics, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
13Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
14Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Small cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (SCNC) is a lethal subset of prostate cancer with limited treatment options. Talabostat, an oral small molecule inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases (DPP4 and DPP 8/9) triggers the inflammasome to alert and prime immune cells, leading to induction of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1ß, bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Talabostat was evaluated in…
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