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Int Med Case Rep J2026;19588140.January 1, 2026Case Reports

Fine-Needle Aspiration as a Key Diagnostic Tool in Pediatric Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Case Report of a 12-Year-Old Male.

Charles Malisaba Posite1,2,3, Mahad Said Mohamed1, Eluzai Ndiwelubula4, Samuel Tumwesigire1,5, Suleman Essa Ahmed1, Henry Wabinga1, Raymond Atwine1,5, Biruk Legesse Tadesse1
1Department of Pathology, Kampala International University Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.
2Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Graben, Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
3Department of Planetary Health and Climate Resilience Lab, EarthRoost+, Beni, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
4Department of Radiology, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda.
5Department of Pathology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD) is a rare, benign, non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized primarily by massive, painless cervical lymphadenopathy. Its low prevalence (~ 1:200,000) and clinical similarity to endemic conditions like tuberculosis and lymphoma make the diagnosis challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings. Definitive diagnosis hinges on identifying S100-pos…

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