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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Endocr Pathol2026;37(1):8.February 18, 2026Journal Article

From Tissue Architecture To Genetic Signature: Artificial intelligence-based Analysis of Reticulin Framework and Clinical Variables Predicts Molecular Cluster in Paragangliomas.

Eleonora Duregon1, Mirko Parasiliti-Caprino2,3, Giulia Orlando4, Anna Paola Ferrero3, Martina Bollati2, Rute Pedrosa5, Darshan Kumar5, Giuseppe Giraudo6, Barbara Pasini7, Ezio Ghigo2,3, Emanuela Arvat3,8, Marco Volante4, Mauro Maccario2,3, Mauro Papotti4
1Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Orbassano, Italy. eleonora.duregon@unito.it.
2Arterial Hypertension and Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, City of Health and Sciences University Hospital, Turin, Italy.
3Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
4Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Orbassano, Italy.
5Aiforia Technologies Plc, Helsinki, Finland.
6Division of Surgery, Department of General and Specialized Surgery, City of Health and Sciences University Hospital, Turin, Italy.
7Division of Medical Genetics, City of Health and Sciences University Hospital, Turin, Italy.
8Division of Oncological Endocrinology, City of Health and Sciences University Hospital, Turin, Italy.

Abstract

Paragangliomas (PGLs), encompassing pheochromocytomas and extra-adrenal paragangliomas, are genetically heterogeneous non-epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasms that segregate into molecular clusters with distinct biological and clinical behavior. Architectural correlates of genotype have not been systematically investigated. This study aimed to assess the reticulin framework as a potential morpholog…

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