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Mar Pollut Bull2026;225119252.April 1, 2026Journal Article

Uncovering the diversity of microalgal harmful species in Chile through multidisciplinary characterization.

Javier Paredes-Mella1, Delfina Aguiar Juárez2, Ana Flores-Leñero3, Gonzalo Fuenzalida4, Luis Norambuena5, Jorge I Mardones6, Juan Maulén7, Bernd Krock8, Oscar Espinoza-González9, Leonardo Guzmán10
1Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile. Electronic address: javier.paredes@ifop.cl.
2Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile. Electronic address: delfina.aguiarj@gmail.com.
3Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile; Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: ana.floreslenero@sams.ac.uk.
4Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Av. Ramon Picarte 1160, Valdivia, Chile. Electronic address: gfuenzalida2@santotomas.cl.
5Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile. Electronic address: luis.norambuena@ifop.cl.
6Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, 8370993, Chile. Electronic address: jorge.mardones@ifop.cl.
7Departamento de Investigación & Desarrollo, Área Técnica, Salmones Austral, Panamericana Sur km 1030, Puerto Montt, Chile. Electronic address: juan.rodriguez@salmonesaustral.cl.
8Alfred Wegener Institut-Helmholtz Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27570, Germany; Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica COPAS Coastal, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. Electronic address: bernd.krock@awi.de.
9Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile. Electronic address: oscar.espinoza@ifop.cl.
10Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Centro de Estudios de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile. Electronic address: leonardo.guzman@ifop.cl.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

Along Chile's extensive coastline, multiple harmful algal bloom (HAB) species have been recorded, including toxic, ichthyotoxic, and high-biomass. However, several relevant taxa remain underreported or insufficiently characterized, particularly athecate, small-sized species and members of the Kareniaceae family. In this study, we investigated the diversity of harmful microalgal species that have b…

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