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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2025;66(15):54.December 1, 2025Journal Article

Functional Outcomes Across High-Risk OCT-Based Phenotypes in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration-PINNACLE Study Report 11.

Marie Louise Enzendorfer1, Julia Mai1,2, Sophie Riedl1,2, Hrvoje Bogunovic3, Martin J Menten4,5, Daniel Rueckert5, Lars G Fritsche6, A Toby Prevost7, Sobha Sivaprasad7,8, Maximilian Pfau9,10, Hendrik P N Scholl11,12,13, Andrew J Lotery14, Stefan Sacu2, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth1
1Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
2Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
3Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
4BioMedIA, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
5Chair for AI in Healthcare and Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
6Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
7Moorfields National Institute for Health and Care Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
8Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
9Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland.
10Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland.
11Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
12Pallas Kliniken AG, Pallas Klinik Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
13European Vision Institute, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland.
14Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the association between structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers and functional outcomes in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) and to investigate whether stratifying eyes by OCT-based biomarkers identifies phenotypes of iAMD with impaired visual function. METHODS: The baseline cohort of the PINNACLE trial underwent OCT imaging, microperimetry…

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