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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Methods Mol Biol2026;2970105-120.January 1, 2026Journal Article

Characterizing Phytochrome Photochemistry Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy in Host Cell Extracts and Purified Protein.

Jimena Rinaldi1, Lisandro H Otero2,3, Hernán R Bonomi4
1Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, Buenos Aires, Argentina. jrinaldi@unsam.edu.ar.
2Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
3Centro de Re-diseño e Ingeniería de Proteínas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
4Generate Biomedicines, Somerville, MA, USA.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

Phytochromes are red and far-red photoreceptors widespread among life, which bind a bilin chromophore molecule. They photoswitch between two main or parent photostates: the Pr state, which absorbs red light, and the Pfr state, which absorbs far-red light. Apart from the photoconversion, there is another process called dark conversion. The phytochrome photocycle can be easily followed by ultraviole…

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