Peer-Reviewed Publication
Allergy2026;81(2):480-497.February 1, 2026Journal Article
Distinct Roles of IL-4, IL-13, and IL-22 in Human Skin Barrier Dysfunction and Atopic Dermatitis.
Paolo D'Avino1, Juno Kim1, Manru Li1, Philipp Gessner1, Patrick Westermann1, Yagız Pat1, Carina Beha1, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann2,3,4, Jeremy Bost5, Nicolas Gaudenzio6,7, Christoph B Messner1, Cezmi A Akdis1,2, Yasutaka Mitamura1,8
1Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
2CK CARE - Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland.
3Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
4Institute of Environmental Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany.
5SciBase AB, Sundbyberg, Sweden.
6Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Disease (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
7Genoskin SAS, Toulouse, France.
8Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic type-2 inflammatory skin disease characterized by eczema and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Along with the type-2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, IL-22 contributes to AD pathogenesis. To date, most skin studies rely on reconstructed keratinocytes, which do not represent the real skin response.
OBJECTIVE: Here, we report the distinct effects of IL-4, IL-1…
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