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Peer-Reviewed Publication
J Bone Miner Res2026;41(2):120-127.February 3, 2026Journal Article

Fracture risk scores using output from an opportunistic screen of low bone density from conventional X-ray.

Catriona A Syme1, Mark D Cicero1,2, Jonathan D Adachi3, Claudie Berger4, Suzanne N Morin4,5, David Goltzman4,5, Alexander Bilbily1,6
1Department of Research, 16 Bit Inc., Toronto, ON, M5J 2N8 Canada.
2Diagnostic Radiology, True North Imaging, Toronto, ON, L4J 7Y7 Canada.
3Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5 Canada.
4Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H3H 2R9 Canada.
5Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1 Canada.
6Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5 Canada.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

Fracture risk is commonly assessed by FRAX, a tool that estimates 10-yr risk for major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture. FRAX scores are often refined by including FN BMD measured by DXA as an input. Rho, a novel AI-powered software, estimates FN BMD T-Scores from conventional X-rays, even when FN is not in the image. Whether a FRAX score using this estimate (FRAX-Rho) can improve a FR…

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