Peer-Reviewed Publication
Int J Med Inform2025;203106015.November 1, 2025Journal Article
Toward responsible AI governance: Balancing multi-stakeholder perspectives on AI in healthcare.
Leon Rozenblit1, Amy Price2, Anthony Solomonides3, Amanda L Joseph4, Eileen Koski5, Gyana Srivastava6, Steven Labkoff7, David Bray8, Monica Lopez-Gonzalez9, Reva Singh10, Dave deBronkart11, Paul J Barr12, Peter Szolovits13, Kiran Dattani14, Charles Jaffe15, Douglas Fridsma16, Russell Baris17, Russell Leftwich18, Robert Stolper19, Mark G Weiner20, Nuria Pastor21, Unai Sanchez Luque21, Baihan Lin22, Tien Thi Thuy Bui23, Bilikis Oladimeji24, Tayler Williams10, Gretchen Purcell Jackson25, Pei-Yun Sabrina Hsueh26, Yuri Quintana27
1Q.E.D. Institute, New Haven, CT, USA; Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Yale School of Management, New Haven, CT, USA.
2The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; BMJ, London, UK.
3Research Institute, Endeavor Health, Evanston, IL, USA.
4Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
5IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA.
6Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
7Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Quantori, Boston, MA, USA.
8Loomis Innovation Council, Stimson Center, Washington, DC, USA; Business Executives for National Security, Washington, DC, USA.
9Cognitive Insights for Artificial Intelligence, Baltimore, MD, USA.
10American Medical Informatics Association, Washington, DC, USA.
11Society for Participatory Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; HL7® Patient Empowerment Workgroup, USA; The BMJ's Patient Advisory Panel, London, UK.
12The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
13Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
14Google Cloud Healthcare and Life Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
15Health Level 7 International, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
16Health Universe, San Francisco, CA, USA.
17eLumindata, Westport, CT, USA.
18Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
19IQVIA, Boston, MA, USA.
20Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
21HumanITcare, Barcelona, Spain.
22Departments of Neuroscience and Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
23Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
24UnitedHealth Group, Minnesota, MN, USA.
25Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA; Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
26Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA.
27Division of Clinical Informatics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: yquintan@bidmc.harvard.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare presents significant governance challenges, requiring balanced approaches that safeguard safety, efficacy, equity, and trust (SEET). This study proposes a cognitive framework to guide AI governance, addressing tradeoffs between speed, scope, and capability.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a structured governance model that…
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