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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Nat Biomed Eng2026;10(2):309-324.February 1, 2026Journal Article

Ultra-high gradient connectomics and microstructure MRI scanner for imaging of human brain circuits across scales.

Gabriel Ramos-Llordén1,2, Hong-Hsi Lee3,4, Mathias Davids3,4, Peter Dietz5, Andreas Krug5, John E Kirsch3,4, Mirsad Mahmutovic6, Alina Müller6, Yixin Ma3,4, Hansol Lee3,4, Chiara Maffei3,4,7, Anastasia Yendiki3,4, Berkin Bilgic3,4, Daniel J Park3, Qiyuan Tian3, Bryan Clifford8, Wei-Ching Lo8, Stefan Stocker5, Jasmine Fischer5, Gudrun Ruyters5, Manuela Roesler5, Andreas Potthast5, Thomas Benner5, Elmar Rummert5, Rebecca Schuster5, Peter J Basser9, Thomas Witzel10, Lawrence L Wald3,4, Bruce R Rosen3,4, Boris Keil6,11,12, Susie Y Huang13,14
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA. gramosllorden@mgh.harvard.edu.
2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. gramosllorden@mgh.harvard.edu.
3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
5Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany.
6Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, TH-Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany.
7Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
8Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Boston, MA, USA.
9Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
10Q Bio Inc., San Carlos, CA, USA.
11Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
12LOEWE Research Cluster for Advanced Medical Physics in Imaging and Therapy (ADMIT), TH-Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany.
13Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA. susie.huang@mgh.harvard.edu.
14Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. susie.huang@mgh.harvard.edu.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

Defining the connectome, the complete matrix of structural connections between the nervous system nodes, is a challenge for human systems neuroscience due to the range of scales that must be bridged. Here we report the design of the Connectome 2.0 human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner to perform connectomics at the mesoscopic and microscopic scales with strong gradients for in vivo human…

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