Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Strahlenther Onkol2025;201(3):236-254.March 1, 2025Journal Article

Deep learning for autosegmentation for radiotherapy treatment planning: State-of-the-art and novel perspectives.

Ayhan Can Erdur1,2, Daniel Rusche3, Daniel Scholz4,5, Johannes Kiechle3,6,7,8, Stefan Fischer3,6,7, Óscar Llorián-Salvador3,9,10, Josef A Buchner3, Mai Q Nguyen3, Lucas Etzel3,11, Jonas Weidner4,5, Marie-Christin Metz5, Benedikt Wiestler5, Julia Schnabel6,7,8,12,13, Daniel Rueckert4,14, Stephanie E Combs3,11,15, Jan C Peeken3,11,15
1Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Informatics in Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str., 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany. can.erdur@tum.de.
2Department of Radiation Oncology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str., 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany. can.erdur@tum.de.
3Department of Radiation Oncology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str., 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
4Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Informatics in Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str., 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
5Department of Neuroradiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str., 81675, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
6Institute for Computational Imaging and AI in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg Str. 2a, 85748, Garching, Bavaria, Germany.
7Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Technical University of Munich, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
8Konrad Zuse School of Excellence in Reliable AI (relAI), Technical University of Munich, Walther-von-Dyck-Straße 10, 85748, Garching, Bavaria, Germany.
9Department for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology - i12, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 3, 85748, Garching, Bavaria, Germany.
10Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128, Mainz, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
11Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Oberschleißheim, Bavaria, Germany.
12Institute of Machine Learning in Biomedical Imaging, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany.
13School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, Strand, WC2R 2LS, London, London, UK.
14Faculty of Engineering, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, SW7 2BX, London, London, UK.
15Partner Site Munich, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
PubMed PMC DOI PDF

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has gained importance, with many tools already entering our daily lives. The medical field of radiation oncology is also subject to this development, with AI entering all steps of the patient journey. In this review article, we summarize contemporary AI techniques and explore the clinical applications of AI-based automated segmentation models i…

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