Peer-Reviewed Publication
Lancet Digit Health2024;6(5):e367-e373.May 1, 2024Journal Article
Randomised controlled trials evaluating artificial intelligence in clinical practice: a scoping review.
Ryan Han1, Julián N Acosta2, Zahra Shakeri3, John P A Ioannidis4, Eric J Topol5, Pranav Rajpurkar6
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; University of California Los Angeles-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
2Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Rad AI, San Francisco, CA, USA.
3Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
4Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
5Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: etopol@scripps.edu.
6Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
This scoping review of randomised controlled trials on artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical practice reveals an expanding interest in AI across clinical specialties and locations. The USA and China are leading in the number of trials, with a focus on deep learning systems for medical imaging, particularly in gastroenterology and radiology. A majority of trials (70 [81%] of 86) report positive…
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