Peer-Reviewed Publication
Nature2023;616(7957):443-447.April 1, 2023Journal Article
Successful kinetic impact into an asteroid for planetary defence.
R Terik Daly1, Carolyn M Ernst2, Olivier S Barnouin2, Nancy L Chabot2, Andrew S Rivkin2, Andrew F Cheng2, Elena Y Adams2, Harrison F Agrusa3, Elisabeth D Abel2, Amy L Alford2, Erik I Asphaug4, Justin A Atchison2, Andrew R Badger2, Paul Baki5, Ronald-L Ballouz2, Dmitriy L Bekker2, Julie Bellerose6, Shyam Bhaskaran6, Bonnie J Buratti6, Saverio Cambioni7, Michelle H Chen2, Steven R Chesley6, George Chiu2, Gareth S Collins8, Matthew W Cox2, Mallory E DeCoster2, Peter S Ericksen2, Raymond C Espiritu2, Alan S Faber2, Tony L Farnham3, Fabio Ferrari9, Zachary J Fletcher2, Robert W Gaskell10, Dawn M Graninger2, Musad A Haque2, Patricia A Harrington-Duff2, Sarah Hefter2, Isabel Herreros11, Masatoshi Hirabayashi12, Philip M Huang2, Syau-Yun W Hsieh2, Seth A Jacobson13, Stephen N Jenkins2, Mark A Jensenius2, Jeremy W John2, Martin Jutzi14, Tomas Kohout15,16, Timothy O Krueger2, Frank E Laipert6,17, Norberto R Lopez2, Robert Luther18, Alice Lucchetti19, Declan M Mages6, Simone Marchi20, Anna C Martin2, Maria E McQuaide2, Patrick Michel21, Nicholas A Moskovitz22, Ian W Murphy2, Naomi Murdoch23, Shantanu P Naidu6, Hari Nair2, Michael C Nolan4, Jens Ormö11, Maurizio Pajola19, Eric E Palmer10, James M Peachey2, Petr Pravec24, Sabina D Raducan14, K T Ramesh25, Joshua R Ramirez2, Edward L Reynolds2, Joshua E Richman2, Colas Q Robin23, Luis M Rodriguez2, Lew M Roufberg2, Brian P Rush6, Carolyn A Sawyer2, Daniel J Scheeres26, Petr Scheirich24, Stephen R Schwartz10, Matthew P Shannon2, Brett N Shapiro2, Caitlin E Shearer2, Evan J Smith2, R Joshua Steele2, Jordan K Steckloff10, Angela M Stickle2, Jessica M Sunshine3, Emil A Superfin2, Zahi B Tarzi6, Cristina A Thomas27, Justin R Thomas2, Josep M Trigo-Rodríguez28, B Teresa Tropf2, Andrew T Vaughan6, Dianna Velez6, C Dany Waller2, Daniel S Wilson2, Kristin A Wortman2, Yun Zhang3
1Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA. terik.daly@jhuapl.edu.
2Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA.
3University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
4University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
5Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
6Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
7Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
8Imperial College London, London, UK.
9Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
10Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA.
11Centro de Astrobiologiá (CAB) CSIC-INTA, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain.
12Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
13Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
14University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
15Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
16University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
17Nabla Zero Labs, South Pasadena, CA, USA.
18Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany.
19INAF-Astronomical Observatory of Padova, Padua, Italy.
20Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, USA.
21Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France.
22Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
23ISAE-SUPAERO, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
24Astronomical Institute AS CR, Ondrejov, Czech Republic.
25Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
26University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
27Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
28Institute of Space Sciences, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract
Although no known asteroid poses a threat to Earth for at least the next century, the catalogue of near-Earth asteroids is incomplete for objects whose impacts would produce regional devastation1,2. Several approaches have been proposed to potentially prevent an asteroid impact with Earth by deflecting or disrupting an asteroid1-3. A test of kinetic impact technology was identified as the highest-…
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