Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Neuro Oncol2026October 13, 2026Journal Article

AI in Neuro-Oncology: An Overarching Review.

Carla Pitarch-Abaigar1,2, Philipp Lohmann3,4, Patrick Aloy5,6, Fatima Al-Shahrour7, Omar Arnaout8, Wenya Linda Bi8, Norbert Galldiks3,9, Jason T Huse10, Philipp Karschnia11, MacLean P Nasrallah12, Areeba Patel13, Rifaquat Rahman14, Felix Sahm13, Timothy R Smith8, Joerg-Christian Tonn15, Renato Umeton16, Manuel Valiente17, Mark Zarella12, Raymond Y Huang18, Spyridon Bakas1,2,19,20
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
2Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3/INM-4), Research Center Juelich (FZJ), Juelich, Germany.
4Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany.
5Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
6Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
7Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
8Department of Neurosurgery, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA.
9Dept. of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
10Departments of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
11Department of Neurosurgery, TUM University Hospital, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
12Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA.
13Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
14Department of Radiation Oncology, Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
15Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Germany.
16Office of Data Science, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
17Brain Metastasis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
18Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
19Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences; Neurological Surgery; Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
20Department Computer Science, Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being applied across neuro-oncology domains to analyze complex, high-dimensional, multimodal data. Despite major advances in the biological understanding and classification of CNS tumors, clinical outcomes for many of them remain poor, reflecting intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity and limitations of conventional reductionist approaches. AI offers a pa…

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