Peer-Reviewed Publication
Cardiovasc Diabetol2026;25(1)September 5, 2026Journal Article

Rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis across glycemic status: a serial coronary computed tomography angiography study from the PARADIGM registry.

Ki-Bum Won1,2, Byoung Kwon Lee3, Martin Hadamitzky4, Yong-Jin Kim5, Ji Min Sung2,6, Edoardo Conte7, Gianluca Pontone8,9, Daniele Andreini10, Matthew J Budoff11, Ilan Gottlieb12, Eun Ju Chun13, Filippo Cademartiri14, Erica Maffei14, Hugo Marques15, Pedro de Araújo Gonçalves15,16, Jonathon A Leipsic17, Sang-Eun Lee18, Sanghoon Shin18, Jung Hyun Choi19, Habib Samady20, Kavitha Chinnaiyan21, Jagat Narula22, Leslee J Shaw23, Jeroen J Bax24, James K Min25, Hyuk-Jae Chang26,27,28
1Department of Cardiology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, South Korea.
2CONNECT-AI Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
3Department of Cardiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
4Department of Cardiovascular Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, TUM University Hospital, German Heart Center, Munich, Germany.
5Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
6Department of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea.
7Department of Clinical and Imaging Cardiology, Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, Milan, Italy.
8Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
9Department of Biomedical, Dental and Surgical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
10Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
11Department of Medicine, Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA.
12Fonte Imagem Medicina Diagnostica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
13Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
14Department of Radiology, IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Naples, Italy.
15Unit of Cardiovascular Imaging, UNICA, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal.
16Comprehensive Health Research Center, LA-REAL, NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
17Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
18Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
19Department of Cardiology, Pusan University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
20Georgia Heart Institute, Northeast Georgia Health System, Gainesville, GA, USA.
21Department of Cardiology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
22University of Texas Health Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
23Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
24Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
25Cleerly, Inc, New York, NY, USA.
26CONNECT-AI Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. hjchang@yuhs.ac.
27Department of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea. hjchang@yuhs.ac.
28Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea. hjchang@yuhs.ac.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rapid progression of coronary atherosclerosis is associated with an increased risk of future adverse cardiovascular events. However, evidence regarding the association between glycemic status and rapid plaque progression (RPP) in the major epicardial coronary arteries remains limited. METHODS: A total of 1296 subjects (mean age, 61 ± 9 years; 56.9% men) from the PARADIGM (Progression…

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