A national-scale assessment of hospital contributions to chemical loads in wastewater and the implications for wastewater-based epidemiology.

Neil Andrew Byrnes¹, Reshma Silvester², Gareth Cross³, Andrew J Weightman⁴, Davey L Jones⁵, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern⁶

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; Centre of Excellence in Water-Based Early-Warning Systems for Health Protection, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; Institute of Sustainability and Climate Change, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science, School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. Electronic address: nab65@bath.ac.uk.

²School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; Verily Life Sciences LLC, Cypress Waters, Dallas, TX, 75019, USA. Electronic address: R.Silvester@bangor.ac.uk.

³Science, Evidence Advice Division, Health, Social Care and Early Years Group, Welsh Government, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF10 3NQ, UK. Electronic address: Gareth.Cross@gov.wales.

⁴School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK. Electronic address: Weightman@cardiff.ac.uk.

⁵School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; Verily Life Sciences LLC, Cypress Waters, Dallas, TX, 75019, USA. Electronic address: D.Jones@bangor.ac.uk.

⁶Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; Centre of Excellence in Water-Based Early-Warning Systems for Health Protection, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; Institute of Sustainability and Climate Change, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. Electronic address: B.Kasprzyk-Hordern@bath.ac.uk.

PubMed DOI

Abstract

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an established approach for assessing population health through the quantification of pharmaceuticals and lifestyle chemicals in wastewater. As hospitals are a potential point source for these chemical indicators (CIs), assessment of population health within hospitals may be possible via WBE while hospitals' chemical contributions have the potential to impact…

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