Peer-Reviewed Publication
Clin Lab Med2026;46(3):629-641.September 1, 2026Journal Article

Applications of Deep Learning in Endocrine Neoplasms.

Siddhi Ramesh1, James M Dolezal1, Alexander T Pearson2
1Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA.
2Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA; The University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: apearson5@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu.

Abstract

Machine learning methods have been growing in prominence across all areas of medicine. In pathology, recent advances in deep learning (DL) have enabled computational analysis of histological samples, aiding in diagnosis and characterization in multiple disease areas. In cancer, and particularly endocrine cancer, DL approaches have been shown to be useful in tasks ranging from tumor grading to gene…

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