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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Clin Epigenetics2026May 18, 2026Journal Article

Development, characterization, and inter-laboratory validation of methylated human cell free DNA candidate reference materials.

Zhiyong He1, Yves Konigshofer2, Russell Garlick2, Jayanthi Ramprakash2, Madhumita Ramesh3, Eric Hall3, Adam Corner3, Michelle Clarissa4, Jocelyn H Wright4, Victoria K Cannon4, Ming Yu4, William M Grady4,5,6, Cecilia C S Yeung4,7, Zachary Heimer8, Zhili Wang8, ShiPing Zou9, Shidong Jia10, Fang Liu10, Giancarlo Bonora10, Karol Bomsztyk11, Daniel Mar11, Kenneth D Cole12, Hua-Jun He13
1National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS 8312, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA. Zhiyong.he@nist.gov.
2LGC Clinical Diagnostics Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA.
3Bio-Rad Laboratories, 1000 Alfred Nobel Dr., Hercules, CA, 94547, USA.
4Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
5Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
6Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
7Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
8JBS Biosciences, 3805 Old Easton Rd, Doylestown, PA, 10892, USA.
9Pillar Biosciences, 9 Strathmore Rd, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.
10Predicine, 3555 Arden Rd., Hayward, CA, 94545, USA.
11UW Medicine South Lake Union, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
12National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS 8312, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
13National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, MS 8312, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA. hua-jun.he@nist.gov.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Aberrant DNA methylation biomarkers have demonstrated potential for early cancer detection, multicancer detection, and determining the tissue of origin. Due to their stability, frequency, and accessibility in bodily fluids, circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation is a promising biomarker in liquid biopsy. A reliable and quantifiable analysis of cfDNA methylation status is critica…

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