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Peer-Reviewed Publication
Cortex2026;20140-63.August 1, 2026Journal Article

To what extent do pragmatic cues from disfluencies inform our predictions of spoken language during naturalistic language processing?

Eleanor Huizeling1, Phillip M Alday2, David Peeters3, Peter Hagoort4
1Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: eleanor.huizeling@mpi.nl.
2Beacon Biosignals Inc., Boston, United States.
3Department of Communication and Cognition, TiCC, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
4Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Abstract

Language processing is facilitated by the prediction of upcoming linguistic content. Natural speech is full of disfluencies that have potential predictive power for the listener. The extent to which different pragmatic cues, such as disfluencies, are integrated with semantic context to inform predictions is, however, currently unknown. Here we combine electroencephalography (EEG), eye tracking and…

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