1Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. Electronic address: siqili@u.duke.nus.edu.
2Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
3Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
4Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore; Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
5Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Statistics and Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
6Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; NUS Artificial Intelligence Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: liu.nan@duke-nus.edu.sg.